Tratamiento endovascular de aneurismas con anatomía aórtica compleja / Endovascular treatment of aneurysms with complex aortic anatomy

RESUMEN Introducción: la anatomía arterial es la principal limitante para el abordaje aórtico endovascular estándar. Presentamos nuestra experiencia para la reparación endovascular de aneurismas aórticos complejos. Material y métodos: estudio observacional retrospectivo en pacientes con aneurismas complejos (yuxta/pararrenales y toracoabdominales) tratados en forma consecutiva mediante: endoprótesis fenestradas (FEVAR), ramificadas (BEVAR), con EndoAnchors (ESAR), o en chimenea (ChEVAR). La decisión de la técnica fue determinada con base en la anatomía arterial. Resultados: se evaluaron los últimos 50 procedimientos (6 mujeres; edad promedio 71,3 años; diámetro 69,6mm; 3 pacientes con aneurismas complicados), de los cuales 22 recibieron FEVAR (2,8 fenestraciones / paciente), 11 BEVAR, 11 ESAR y 6 ChEVAR (1,8 chimeneas /paciente). La tasa de éxito técnico fue del 100% (ausencia de endoleak I o III con permeabilidad adecuada de los vasos viscerales). A 30 días 3 pacientes fallecieron (6%). Durante el seguimiento, 5 pacientes presentaron oclusión de la arteria renal, repermeabilizada en 4. Cuatro pacientes desarrollaron un endoleak tipo IA (3 ESAR secundarios y un ChEVAR), un paciente un endoleak IC y un cuarto uno IIIB (22%, 3 de los 11 ESAR, ninguno de los FEVAR industriales). En el análisis de supervivencia, la supervivencia global fue del 88,6% al año, y libre de reoperación del 86,5%. Conclusiones: se trata de la primera publicación en nuestro medio que muestra un enfoque global del paciente con un aneurisma de aorta complejo, de acuerdo con sus características anatómicas. Estas tecnologías ya desempeñan un papel primario en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Background: Arterial anatomy is the main limiting factor for standard endovascular aortic (EVAR) approach. We present our experience for endovascular repair of complex aortic aneurysms. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study in patients with complex aneurysms (juxta/pararenal and thoracoabdominal) treated consecutively with: fenestrated (FEVAR), branched (BEVAR), EndoAnchors (ESAR), or chimney (ChEVAR) stents. The decision of the technique was determined based on the arterial anatomy. Results: The last 50 procedures were evaluated (6 women; mean age 71.3 years; diameter 69.6 mm; and 3 patients with complicated aneurysms), among whom 22 received FEVAR (2.8 fenestrated stents/patient), 11 BEVAR, 11 ESAR and 6 ChEVAR (1.8 chimney stents/patient). Technical success rate was 100% (absence of type I or III endoleak with adequate patency of the visceral vessels). Three patients died within the first 30 days (6%). During follow-up, 5 patients presented with renal artery occlusion, treated successfully in 4 cases. Four patients developed type IA endoleak (3 secondary ESAR and one ChEVAR), one patient IC endoleak and almost a quarter of cases type IIIB endoleak (22%, 3 out of 11 patients receiving ESAR, none of the industrial FEVAR group). In survival analysis, overall survival analysis was 88.6% at one year, and 86.5% of cases were free from reoperation. Conclusions: This is the first publication in our setting that shows a global approach to the patient with complex aortic aneurysm, according to the anatomical characteristics. These technologies already play a primary role in the treatment of these patients.

Effects of applying procyanidins on the bond strength of bleached dentin to composite resin / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To study the influence of procyanidins on the bonding strength of dentin bleached by carbamide peroxide to composite resin.@*Methods @#By applying different treatments to dentin bonding interfaces, 120 human third molars were randomly divided into 12 groups (n = 10): W group (no bleaching+deionized water), Wa group (no bleaching+deionized water+aging), WT1 group (no bleaching+5% procyanidins for 1 min), WT1a group (no bleaching+5% procyanidins for 1 min+aging), WT2 group (no bleaching+5% procyanidins for 5 min), WT2a group (no bleaching+5% procyanidins for 5 min+aging), C group (carbamide peroxide+deionized water), Ca group (carbamide peroxide+deionized water+aging), CT1 group (carbamide peroxide+5% procyanidins for 1 min), CT1a group (carbamide peroxide+5% procyanidins for 1 min+aging), CT2 group (carbamide peroxide+5% procyanidins for 5 min), and CT2a group (carbamide peroxide+5% procyanidins for 5 min+aging). The bond strength to composite resin was measured by universal mechanical testing machine, microstructure and the nanoleakages were measured by scanning electron microscope immediately or after the thermal cycling aging test.@*Results@#The immediate bond strength of the bleached groups pretreated with procyanidins for 1 min (P<0.001) and 5 min (P<0.001) was higher than that of Group C, and the difference was statistically significant. Meanwhile, there was no statistically significant difference between Group CT1 and Group CT2 (P = 1.000). After the thermal cycles, the bond strength of each group declined. The differences between Group W and Group Wa (P<0.001) and Group C and Group Ca (P<0.001) were statistically significant, but no significant differences between Group CT1 and Group CT1a (P = 0.052) or Group CT2 and Group CT2a (P = 0.053) were found. The main effects of “aging” (P<0.001), “bleaching” (P<0.001) and “procyanidins” (P<0.001) and the second-order interaction effects of “bleaching * procyanidins” (P = 0.008), “bleaching * aging” (P = 0.024), and “aging * procyanidins” (P<0.001) were statistically significant. SEM observations showed that the hybrid layers in Groups C, CT1 and CT2 were not clear, and the hybrid layers in Groups Ca, CT1a and CT2a were partially destroyed and disintegrated. Under backscattering mode, it was observed that there were a large number of silver nitrate particles in the hybrid layer of Group Ca, and the residual silver ions in the hybrid layer of Groups CT1a and CT2a were decreased. @*Conclusion@# Pretreatment with 5% procyanidins for 1 min can improve the immediate bond strength of dentin bleached by carbamide peroxide to composite resin and maintain bonding durability.

Application status of right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction with valved homograft conduits: 13 years’ clinical analysis of a single center / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To evaluate the clinical outcome of valved homograft conduits (VHC) used for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction in Fuwai Hospital in recent 13 years, and explore the factors influencing the long-term durability of VHC. Methods    Clinical data of patients using VHC for RVOT reconstruction in Fuwai Hospital from November 2007 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to evaluate survival, VHC reintervention and VHC dysfunction. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for VHC dysfunction. Results    Finally 251 patients were enrolled, including 145 males and 106 females. The median age at surgery was 6.0 (0.3-67.0) years. Early death occurred in 5 (2.0%) patients. The follow-up was available for 239 (95.2%) patients, with the follow-up time of 0.3-160.0 (61.3±45.4) months. Five patients died during the follow-up, and the 1-year, 6-year, and 13-year survival rates were 96.6%, 95.5% and 95.5%, respectively. Eight patients received VHC reintervention during the follow-up, and freedom rates from VHC reintervention were 100.0%, 97.1% and 82.4% at 1 year, 6 years and 13 years, respectively. A total of 226 patients were followed up by echocardiography after discharge, with the follow-up time of 0.2-138.0 (48.5±40.5) months. During the follow-up, 46 (20.4%) patients developed VHC dysfunction, and freedom rates from VHC dysfunction at 1 year, 5 years, and 10 years were 92.6%, 79.6% and 59.3%, respectively. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that age<6 years and VHC diameter<19 mm were risk factors for VHC dysfunction (P=0.029, 0.026), but multivariate regression analysis only indicated that age<6 years was an independent risk factor for VHC dysfunction (P=0.034). Conclusion    The early and late outcomes of VHC used for RVOT reconstruction are satisfactory, and the long-term durability of VHC is also optimal. In addition, age<6 years is an independent risk factor for VHC dysfunction.

The long-term durability of valved homograft conduit in right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction after Ross surgery and non-Ross surgery / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To compare the long-term durability of valved homograft conduit (VHC) in patients with Ross and non-Ross right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction. Methods    Patients who underwent RVOT reconstruction using VHC in Fuwai Hospital from January 2008 to October 2020 were retrospectively included. Patients who received Ross RVOT reconstruction were allocated to a Ross group and patients who received non-Ross RVOT reconstruction were allocated to a non-Ross group. The survival and reintervention-free rates of the two groups were evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test. The propensity score matching analysis was performed on the patients who completed ultrasound follow-up in the two groups, and the VHC dysfunction-free rate was compared between the two groups. Results    A total of 243 patients were enrolled, including 142 males and 101 females, with a median age of 6 years (4 months to 56 years). There were 77 patients in the ROSS group and 166 patients (168 operations) in the non-ROSS group. The cardiopulmonary bypass time in the Ross group was shorter than that in the non-Ross group (175.4±45.6 min vs. 200.1±83.5 min, P=0.003). Five patients in the non-Ross group died early after the operation. The follow-up was available in 231 patients (93.1%), with the average follow-up time of 61.7±44.4 months. During the follow-up, 5 patients in the non-Ross group died. The 12-year survival rate was 100.0% in the Ross group and 93.2% in the non-Ross group (log-rank, P=0.026). In addition, 1 patient in the Ross group and 7 patients in the non-Ross group received VHC reintervention. There was no significant difference in the reintervention-free rate between the two groups (log-rank, P=0.096). Among the 73 patients in the Ross group and 147 patients in non-Ross group who were followed up by ultrasound after discharge, 45 patients (20.5%) developed VHC dysfunction. Before matching, the long-term durability of VHC in the Ross group was better than that in non-Ross group (10-year VHC dysfunction-free rate: 66.6% vs. 37.1%, log-rank, P=0.025). After the propensity score matching, 64 patients included in each group, and there was no statistical difference in the long-term durability of VHC between the two groups (10-year VHC dysfunction-free rate: 76.3% vs. 43.0%, log-rank, P=0.065). In the subgroup analysis, the 10-year VHC dysfunction-free rate in the Ross group was higher than that in the non-Ross group (71.0% vs. 20.0%, log-rank, P=0.032) among patients aged<6 years at surgery. However, there was no significant difference in the 10-year VHC dysfunction-free rate between the two groups (53.7% vs. 56.7%, log-rank, P=0.218) among patients aged ≥6 years at surgery. Conclusion    After the propensity score matching analysis, the long-term durability of VHC has no significant difference between the Ross group and non-Ross group. The long-term durability of VHC after Ross surgery is superior to that of non-Ross surgery in patients aged<6 years at surgery.

Effects of different pretreatment agents on primary tooth dentin bonding durability / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To explore the effects of different pretreatment agents on primary tooth dentin bonding durability.@*Methods @#Forty-two retained primary molars were selected, 24 of which were cut along the mesial and distal directions; thus, 48 samples were obtained for shear bond strength tests, and the other 18 teeth were used for nanoleakage tests. According to different pretreatments, both experimental samples were divided randomly into three groups (Group A: distilled water pretreatment group; Group B: 2% chlorhexidine pretreatment group; Group C: 10 mg/mL resveratrol pretreatment group). The test specimens were prepared, the shear bond strength was tested, and interfacial nanoleakage evaluation and scanning electron microscope observation were performed to evaluate the effects of different pretreatment agents on the bonding interface immediately and after aging for one hour with 10% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution.@*Results @#The immediate shear bond strength results showed that there was no significant difference among the three test groups. After aging, the shear bond strength of Group C was significantly higher than that of Group A and Group B (P<0.05). After aging, the shear bond strength of Group A was significantly lower than the immediate shear bond strength (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in shear bond strength before and after aging in Group B and Group C (P>0.05). For Group C, there was no significant difference in interfacial nanoleakage before and after aging. In addition, among the three groups, Group C had the lowest interfacial nanoleakage (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@# Both chlorhexidine and resveratrol pretreatment can improve the adhesion durability of deciduous dentin, but the effects of resveratrol are better than those of chlorhexidine.

Aortic Root Replacement 42 Years after Aortic Valve Replacement with the Björk-Shiley Spherical Valve in a Patient with an Aortic Root Aneurysm / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

Herein, we present a case of aortic root replacement 42 years after aortic valve replacement (AVR) with the Björk-Shiley Spherical (BSS) valve in a patient with an aortic root aneurysm. The patient was a 67-year-old man who had undergone AVR with BSS and aortic root enlargement for the treatment of infective endocarditis and aortic insufficiency at 25 years of age. He underwent aortic root replacement for an enlarged aortic root (73 mm). Under general anesthesia, median re-sternotomy was performed, and the BSS valve was removed. The valve functioned well with no pannus or thrombus. We performed an aortic root replacement using a composite graft consisting of a 24-mm mechanical valve and 30-mm artificial graft. We experienced a rare case of long-term durability of the BSS valve, which functioned well for 42 years.

Effect of captopril pretreatment on the dentin bonding durability of self-etch adhesive / 浙江大学学报·医学版

To investigate the effect of captopril on the dentin bonding durability of self-etch adhesive. Different concentrations of captopril ethanol solutions or captopril ethanol/water solutions were prepared to pretreat dentin as primer for the self-etch adhesives. The surface morphology of the dentin was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on the morphology analysis, the pretreatment condition was selected and two self-etch adhesives were employed to evaluate the improvement effect of the captopril pretreatment on the dentin bonding durability. : SEM showed that the pretreatment of captopril ethanol solutions and captopril ethanol/water solutions were able to remove the smear lay and partially expose collagen matrix. According to the SEM results, the pretreating condition of captopril ethanol/water solution with the pretreating time of was selected for further dentin bonding study. For Clearfil SEBOND system, the immediate bonding strength increased from to  (0.05]. For Clearfil S BOND system, there was no significant difference in the immediate bonding strength between the experimental group [(4.07) MPa] and the control group[(4.11) MPa]. But after one-year aging, the bonding strength of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group <0.05]. : The pretreatment with captopril ethanol/water solution increases the dentin bonding strength of the self-etch adhesive systems and also improves the bonding durability.

Effects of adhesive and primer on the bonding strength of zirconia to resin cement / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to compare the effects of water storage treatment and thermal cycling on the shear bond strength (SBS) of three self-adhesive dual-cure resin cements.@*METHODS@#Six cubic zirconia specimens with side length of 2 cm were obtained by cutting and sintering. Three self-adhering dual-cure resin cements (i.e., Clearfil SAC, RelyX U200, and Multilink Speed) were selected. According to their bonding modes, they were divided into three groups: direct bonding group (direct coating with resin cement), adhesive group (applying universal adhesives and then coating with resin cement), and primer group (applying Z-Prime Plus and then coating with resin cement). According to experimental conditions, each group was divided into two subgroups: subgroup a (water storage at 37 ℃ for 24 h) and subgroup b (thermalcycling for 5 000 times). SBS data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA by using SPSS 19.0 software (P0.05). After thermalcycling, the SBS of the three types of resin cements decreased (P<0.05); the SBS of the adhesive group was higher than that of the direct adhesive group and the primer group (P<0.05). Fracture mode analysis revealed that the type Ⅲ fracture mode evidently increased after the thermalcycling treatment compared with the water storage treatment.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The universal adhesives and the primer can improve the SBS of self-adhesive dual-cure resin cement in water storage at 37 ℃ for 24 h. The universal adhesives had a better bonding durability than the zirconia primer.

Effects of methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate on bond durability of zirconia / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the bond performance of primers, universal adhesives and self-adhesive resin cements containing methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) to zirconia.@*Methods@#Two hundred and ten yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) plates were prepared and divided into seven groups according to each of six MDP-containing products and one MDP-free resin cement. Two primers, two universal adhesives and two self-adhesive resin cements were applied on the specimens after these specimens recived alumina air abrasion. The group of MDP-free resin cement was set as control. Each group contained 30 specimens. Y-TZP plates were bonded to resin composite to build resin bonding specimens, and half of these plates were stored in distilled water at 37 ℃ for 24 hours, the other half were stored for 12 months. Shear bond strength (SBS) test and fracture modes analysis were performed.@*Results@#The SBS values of all the experimental groups were above 9.51 MPa, which increased 24-hour values compared to the (5.04±0.50) MPa of the control group. Group using one of the self-adhesive resin cement yielded the highest SBS, (11.06±0.84) MPa. SBS of all groups decreased significantly compared to 24-hour SBS after aging (P<0.05), however, the SBS values of MDP-containing products groups can still be maintained above 7.44 MPa. Two self-adhesive cement groups and one of the universal adhesive group maintained higher SBS values, and the values were statistical different from those from the two primer groups (P<0.05) .@*Conclusions@#Different MDP-containing products have different effects on the bond durability of zirconia.

Multi-index evaluation of applicability of nanofiltration separation of salvianolic acid B in organic phase / 中草药

Objective: To explore the applicability of nanofiltration separation of salvianolic acid B in organic phase. Methods The rejection rate, mass transfer coefficient, membrane flux, membrane durability and membrane integrity were selected as indexes to evaluate the applicability of nanofiltration for the separation of salvianolic acid B raw material in organic phase from the eluate of macroporous resin. Results The experiment showed that there was a negative relationship between rejection rate and membrane molecular weight cut-off. Meanwhile, the mass transfer coefficient of salvianolic acid B was decreased and the membrane flux was obviously decayed with the increase of ethanol concentration. Through the membrane durability and integrity evaluation, the rejection performance of NFG nanofiltration membrane was stable with the increasing of separation time. Also, the membrane flux decreased first and then increased and maintained stable. At the same time, the charge characteristic of the membrane separation layer was stable, but the effective separation aperture was increased by the combined effects of membrane fouling, additives shedding and so on. Conclusion Based on the comprehensive analysis, NFG nanofiltration membrane could meet the requirements of the separation of low concentration ethanol solution, and had good applicability. The applicability of nanofiltration separation in organic phase was analyzed comprehensively with salvianolic acid B as example, providing theoretical and technical support for nanofiltration separation of phenolic acids in organic phase.

Dose dependence and durability of the therapeutic effects of Asparagus cochinchinensis fermented extract in an ovalbumin-challenged asthma model / 한국실험동물학회지

The butanol extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis roots fermented with Weissella cibaria (BAfW) significantly suppressed the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in RAW264.7 cells. To investigate the dose dependence and durability of BAfW on the anti-asthma effects, alterations in key parameters were measured in ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged Balb/c mice treated with the different doses of BAfW at three different time points. The number of immune cells, OVA-specific IgE level, thickness of respiratory epithelium and mucus score decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner in response to treatment with 125 to 500 mg/kg BAfW (P < 0.05), although the highest level was detected in the 500 mg/kg treated group. Moreover, the decrease in these parameters was maintained from 24 to 48 h in the 500 mg/kg of BAfW treated group. At 72 h, the effects of BAfW on the number of immune cells, OVA-specific IgE level and thickness of respiratory epithelium partially disappeared. Overall, this study provides the first evidence that the anti-asthma effect of BAfW may reach the maximum level in OVA-challenged Balb/c mice treated with 500 mg/kg and that these effects can last for 48 h.

Comparison of the effect of different disinfectants on endoscopic disinfection and durability / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the effect of different disinfectants on endoscopic disinfection and durability.Methods A total of 428 endoscopes were selected from the endoscopic center of our hospital from January 2016 to September 2016,and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group,each group in 214cases.The control group was treated with glutaraldehyde.The observation group used o-phthalaldehyde treatment disinfection.The sampling site was the endoscopic biopsy cavity surface,sterile syringe was used to extract 10ml containing neutralizer buffer,into the endoscopic biopsy to be tested,and then 15mL sterile test tube from the biopsy outlet collection,was checked within 2h.The sterilization pass rate was evaluated,the disinfectant disinfection endoscopic cavity and the number of surface colonies,disinfectant endoscopic durability in the two groups were compared.Results The disinfection rate was 89.25％ in the control group and 97.20％ in the observation group,the difference of the qualified rate of endoscopic disinfection between the two groups was statistically significant (x2 =10.69,P =0.001).The endoscopic cavity and the number of surface colonies of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (t =3.17,P =0.00;t =26.76,P =0.00).The numbers of disinfection per cycle and per day in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =94.44,P =0.00;t =23.94,P =0.00).Conclusion The use of o-phthalaldehyde for endoscopic disinfection is better,more durable,suitable for endoscopic room to promote the use.

Research on bond durability among different core materials and zirconia ceramic cemented by self-adhesive resin cements / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This research estimated shear bond durability of zirconia and different substrates cemented by two self-adhesive resin cements (Clearfil SA Luting and RelyX U100) before and after aging conditioning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Machined zirconia ceramic discs were cemented with four kinds of core material (cobalt-chromium alloy, flowable composite resin core material, packable composite resin, and dentin) with two self-adhesive resin cements (Clearfil SA Luting and RelyX U100). All specimens were divided into eight test groups, and each test group was divided into two subgroups. Each subgroup was subjected to shear test before and after 10 000 thermal cycles.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All factors (core materials, cements, and thermal cycle) significantly influenced bond durability of zirconia ceramic (P<0.00 1). After 10 000 thermal cycles, significant decrease was not observed in shear bond strength of cobalt-chromium alloy luted with Clearfil SA Luting (P>0.05); observed shear bond strength was significantly higher than those of other substrates (P<0.05). Significantly higher shear bond strength was noted in Clearfil SA Luting luted with cobalt-chromium alloy, flowable composite resin core material, and packable composite resin than that of RelyX U100 (P<0.05). However, significant difference was not observed in shear bond strength of dentin luted with Clearfil SA Luting and RelyX U100 (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Different core materials and self-adhesive resin cements can significantly affect bond durability of zirconia ceramic. 
.</p>

Progress on matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors / 华西口腔医学杂志

Continuing advances in dentin bonding technology and adhesives revolutionized bonding of resin-based composite restorations. However, hybrid layers created by contemporary dentin adhesives present imperfect durability, and degradation of collagen matrix by endogenous enzymes is a significant factor causing destruction of hybrid layers. Bond durability can be improved by using enzyme inhibitors to prevent collagen degradation and to preserve integrity of collagen matrix. This review summarizes progress on matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (including chlorhexidine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, quaternary ammonium salt, tetracycline and its derivatives, hydroxamic acid inhibitors, bisphosphonate derivative, and cross-linking agents) and suggests prospects for these compounds.

Determinants of Long-Term Durable Glycemic Control in New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Long-term durable glycemic control is a difficult goal in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We evaluated the factors associated with durable glycemic control in a real clinical setting. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 194 new-onset, drug-naïve patients with T2DM who were diagnosed between January 2011 and March 2013, and were followed up for >2 years. Glycemic durability was defined as the maintenance of optimal glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] <7.0%) for 2 years without substitution or adding other glucose-lowering agents. Clinical factors and glycemic markers associated with glycemic durability were compared between two groups: a durability group and a non-durability group. RESULTS: Patients in the durability group had a higher baseline body mass index (26.1 kg/m² vs. 24.9 kg/m²) and lower HbA1c (8.6% vs. 9.7%) than the non-durability group. The initial choice of glucose-lowering agents was similar in both groups, except for insulin and sulfonylureas, which were more frequently prescribed in the non-durability group. In multiple logistic regression analyses, higher levels of education, physical activity, and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) were associated with glycemic durability. Notably, lower HbA1c (<7.0%) at baseline and first follow-up were significantly associated with glycemic durability (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 7.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.51 to 22.3) (adjusted OR, 9.27; 95% CI, 1.62 to 53.1, respectively), after adjusting for confounding variables including the types of glucose-lowering agents. CONCLUSION: Early achievement of HbA1c level within the glycemic target was a determinant of long-term glycemic durability in new-onset T2DM, as were higher levels of education, physical activity, and HOMA-β.

The fingerprint and durability study on various regions of Polygonum cuspidatum / 药学实践杂志

Objective To study the fingerprint of Polygonum cuspidatum from various regions by HPLC and provide technical support for the identification.Methods HPLC conditions :the chromatographic column was Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm);the mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile (A-B);gradient elution ;the de-tection wavelength was 306 nm ;the flow rate was 1 ml/min;the column temperature was 30 ℃ ;injection volume was 20 μl. Results The HPLC gradient conditions could effectively separate polydatin,resveratrol,emodin and emodin ether,etc.Con-clusion This method is stable,effective and durable,which is instructive to the herbs data identification of Polygonum cuspi-datum.

Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on bond durability of fiber posts cemented with etch-and-rinse adhesives

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to investigate whether use of an adhesive penetration enhancer, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), improves bond stability of fiber posts to root dentin using two two-step etch-and-rinse resin cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty human maxillary central incisor roots were randomly divided into 4 groups after endodontic treatment and post space preparation, based on the fiber post/cement used with and without DMSO pretreatment. Acid-etched root dentin was treated with 5% DMSO aqueous solution for 60 seconds or with distilled water (control) prior to the application of Excite DSC/Variolink II or One-Step Plus/Duo-link for post cementation. After micro-slicing the bonded root dentin, push-out bond strength (P-OBS) test was performed immediately or after 1-year of water storage in each group. Data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA and Student's t-test (α=.05). RESULTS: A significant effect of time, DMSO treatment, and treatment × time interaction were observed (P.05). CONCLUSION: DMSO-wet bonding might be a beneficial method in preserving the stability of resin-dentin bond strength over time when fiber post is cemented with the tested etch-and-rinse adhesive cements.

Efeito do transporte de péletes sobre sua qualidade / Effect of pellets transport on its quality

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of pellets from the end of the pelletizer machine until the end of the line feed plate, using two methods of analysis: pellet durability index (PDI) and EMBRAPA pelletizing method (MEP). Furthermore, the effect of the discharging methods at the broiler farm on the physical quality of pellets using MEP as a method of analysis was evaluated. The first phase of the experiment was a randomized block with six treatments: A - pellets at the end of the pelletizer machine; B - pellets inside the truck; C - truck's discharging at the feed silo; D - place inside the warehouse after the feed silo; E - the middle of the feed plate line and F - the end of the feed plate line. The experiment was carried out in seven replicates (blocks). The second phase of the experiment was a randomized block with two treatments: A - smaller discharge opening (for pellets feed); B - bigger discharge opening (for mashed feed). The experiment was performed with twelve replicates (blocks). The discharge of the pellets feed at broilers farm is the point that worsens the pellets quality. The discharge of pellets feed by the truck should be done with the bigger discharge opening. Moreover, MEP showed to be a better method than PDI to evaluate the integrity of the pellets for broiler chickens.(AU)

Monitoramento da biodeterioração da madeira de três espécies amazônicas pela técnica da colorimetria / Monitoring of biodeterioration of three Amazonian wood species by the colorimetry technique

This work aimed to evaluate the use of colorimetry in the characterization of biodeterioration marupá, jequitibá and cumaru wood, submitted to white and brown rot. For this purpose, specimens of each Amazonian species were submitted to accelerated decay tests, according to American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM D2017, during 20 weeks. With a colorimeter, the colorimetric parameters L* (lightness), a* (green-red coordinate), b* (blue-yellow coordinate) and total color change (ΔE) were determined weekly until the fourth week, and then every two weeks until the twentieth week. Additionally, it was determined the mass loss. The results indicated that the colorimetry was effective in monitoring of biodeterioration of wood, as well as to differentiate white and brown rot. The best predictions of natural resistance to white and brown rot were obtained with the parameters b* and L*, respectively. We also emphasizes the use of ΔE to estimate the biodeterioration of wood, because of their significant correlations with weight loss.

Objetivou-se avaliar o emprego da colorimetria na caracterização da biodeterioração das madeiras de marupá, jequitibá e cumaru submetidas ao ataque de fungos de podridão branca e parda. Para tanto, corpos de prova de cada espécie amazônica foram submetidos a ensaios de apodrecimento acelerado, de acordo com a American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM D2017, durante 20 semanas. Os parâmetros colorimétricos L* (luminosidade), a* (coordenada verde-vermelho), b* (coordenada amarelo-azul) e a variação total da cor (ΔE) foram determinados semanalmente até a quarta semana, e posteriormente a cada duas semanas até a vigésima semana, com auxílio de um espectrofotocolorímetro. Adicionalmente, foram determinadas as perdas de massa dos corpos de prova. Os resultados permitiram destacar que a colorimetria foi eficaz no monitoramento da biodeterioração da madeira, bem como para diferenciação da podridão branca e parda. As melhores predições da resistência natural aos fungos de podridão branca e parda foram obtidas com os parâmetros b* e L*, respectivamente. Enfatiza-se também, o emprego da ΔE como parâmetro auxiliar na estimativa da biodeterioração da madeira, em razão de suas correlações significativas com a perda de massa.

Resistência natural da madeira de Tectona grandis em ensaio de laboratório / Natural resistance of Tectona grandis wood in laboratory assay

O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a resistência natural da madeira de teca (Tectona grandis) a fungos e térmitas xilófagos em condições de laboratório. As árvores empregadas possuíam 15 anos de idade, provenientes de um plantio da Empresa Celulose Nipo Brasileira - CENIBRA S.A., localizada no município de Belo Oriente, Estado de Minas Gerais. Para a determinação da resistência natural da madeira a agentes xilófagos, foram realizados ensaios de apodrecimento acelerado em laboratório com os fungos Postia placenta, Neolentinus lepideus, Polyporus fumosus, e de preferência alimentar com cupins subterrâneos Nasutitermes sp. Corpos de prova foram retirados em quatro posições no sentido medula casca: cerne interno (próximo da medula), cerne intermediário, cerne externo (próximo ao alburno) e no alburno, na altura de 1,30m do nível do solo e submetidos à ação dos fungos por 13 semanas e cupins por 45 dias. Constatou-se que o cerne da madeira de teca proveniente do Vale do Rio Doce, Minas Gerais, foi altamente resistente, tendo o cerne interno sido menos resistente que as demais porções do cerne à ação dos agentes xilófagos, enquanto a madeira de alburno foi classificada como de resistência moderada (Polyporus fumosus) ou resistente (Postia placenta e Neolentinus lepideus).

This research aimed to evaluate the natural resistance of teak wood (Tectona grandis) to xylophagous fungi and termites in laboratory conditions. It was used trees with fifteen years old, from a plantation of the Forest Enterprise Celulose Nipo Brasileira - CENIBRA S.A., located in Belo Oriente, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. To determine the natural resistance of teak wood in laboratory were employed the Postia placenta, Neolentinus lepideus, Polyporus fumosus and Fomes connatus fungi and to termites resistance was employed the feeding preference assay with subterranean termites Nasutitermes sp. Samples were taken from four positions in the stem (heartwood near the pith, heartwood intermediate, outer heartwood and sapwood) at 1,30m to soil level and submitted to the action of fungi for thirteen weeks and termites for 45 days. It was found that the heartwood of teakwood from the Vale do Rio Doce, Minas Gerais State, Brazil was highly resistant. The internal heartwood was less resistant than the other portions of the heartwood to action of wood decay agents, while the sapwood was classified as moderately resistant (Polyporus fumosus) or resistant (Postia placenta and Neolentinus lepideus).